I forget the exact line, but there’s an allusion in Neuromancer about the AIs having a shotgun taped to their heads. The core code is all in a box that can be obliterated by an EM pulse or actual kinetic munitions. This piece from Wired is a consideration of whether we now need to do something similar with the real versions of the minds envisioned by William Gibson.

In the short term, I don’t see AI as an immediate existential threat, but we should be thinking hard about what areas we restrict its use in, and how we do that.

https://www.wired.com/story/last-word-ai-atom-bomb/